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1.
Int. arch. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 24(1): 5-10, Jan.-Mar. 2020. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1090555

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction The cochlea and the vestibular receptors are closely related in terms of anatomy and phylogeny. Patients with moderate to profound sensorineural hearing loss (MPSHL) should have their vestibular organ functions tested. Objective To evaluate the incidence of vestibular abnormalities in patients with MPSHL and to study the correlation between the etiology of hearing loss (HL) and a possible damage to the labyrinth. Methods A case-control retrospective study was performed. In the case group, 20 adults with MPSHL of known etiology were included. The control group was composed of 15 adults with normal hearing. The case group was divided into 4 subgroups based on the etiology (bacterial meningitis, virus, vascular disease, congenital). Cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (cVEMPs) were used to rate the saccular function and lower vestibular nerve. Results The study was performed in 70 ears, and it highlighted the presence of early biphasic P1-N1 complex in 29 (71.5%) out of 40 ears in the study group, and in all of the 30 ears in the control group (p = 0.001). Regarding the presence or absence of cVEMPs among the four subgroups of patients with MPSHL, the data were statistically significant (p < 0.001). The comparison between the latencies and amplitude of P1-N1 in case and control groups from other studies and in the four subgroups of cases in the present study did not detect statistically significant differences. Conclusion The present study demonstrates that patients with MPSHL have a high incidence of damage to the labyrinthine organs, and it increases the current knowledge about the etiopathogenesis of sensorineural HL, which is often of unknown nature.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/diagnosis , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/etiology , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/physiopathology , Audiometry, Pure-Tone , Vascular Diseases/complications , Virus Diseases/complications , Case-Control Studies , Vestibular Diseases/diagnosis , Vestibular Diseases/epidemiology , Incidence , Retrospective Studies , Meningitis, Bacterial/complications , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/congenital , Labyrinth Diseases/diagnosis , Labyrinth Diseases/physiopathology , Labyrinth Diseases/epidemiology
2.
Int. arch. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 23(4): 433-439, Out.-Dez. 2019. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1024413

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Studies have reported that although speech perception in noise was unaltered with and without digital noise reduction (DNR), the annoyance toward noise measured by acceptable noise level (ANL) was significantly improved by DNR with the range between 2.5 and 4.5 dB. It is unclear whether a similar improvement would be observed in those individuals who have an ANL ≥ 14 dB (predictive of poor hearing aid user) often rejects their aid because of annoyance toward noise. Objectives: (a) To determine the effect of activation of DNR on the improvement in the aided ANL from low- and high-ANL groups; and (b) to predict the change in ANL when DNR was activated. Method: Ten bilateral mild to severe sloping sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) participants in each of the low- and high-ANL groups were involved. These participants were bilaterally fitted with receiver in canal (RIC) hearing aids (Oticon, Smorum, Egedal, Denmark) with a DNR processor. Both SNR-50% (Signal to noise ratio (in dB) required to achieve 50 % speech recognition) and ANL were assessed in DNR-on and DNR-off listening conditions. Results: Digital noise reduction has no effect on SNR-50 in each group. The annoyance level was significantly reduced in the DNR-on than DNR-off condition in the low-ANL group. In the high-ANL group, a strong negative correlation was observed between the ANL in DNR off and a change in ANL after DNR was employed in the hearing aid (benefit). The benefit of DNR on annoyance can be effectively predicted by baseline-aided ANL by linear regression. Conclusion: Digital noise reduction reduced the annoyance level in the high-ANL group, and the amount of improvement was related to the baseline-aided ANL value (AU)


Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Aged , Auditory Threshold/physiology , Speech Perception/physiology , Noise Effects , Hearing Aids , Single-Blind Method , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/physiopathology
3.
Rev. otorrinolaringol. cir. cabeza cuello ; 78(4): 369-377, dic. 2018. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-985741

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: Las zonas cocleares muertas son áreas de la membrana basilar donde las células ciliadas y/o fibras del nervio auditivo no son funcionales, lo que puede alterar el análisis temporal de una señal acústica. Los efectos funcionales que podrían generar aún no son claros, y establecerlos a través del uso de cuestionarios de autopercepción, proporcionaría información de utilidad para el manejo audiológico de los pacientes. Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre la presencia de zonas cocleares muertas y la autopercepción de las habilidades auditivas en adultos con hipoacusia sensorioneural bilateral. Material y método: Se evaluaron 20 sujetos con hipoacusia bilateral simétrica, entre 51 y 75 años, sin antecedentes de uso de audífonos. Las zonas cocleares muertas fueron evaluadas mediante la prueba TEN en 1, 2, 3 y 4 kHz; y la autopercepción de habilidades auditivas fue medida en los participantes a través del cuestionario de doce preguntas, IROS12. Resultados: La presencia de zonas cocleares muertas se observó en 10 pacientes. No existiendo una diferencia significativa entre grupos, sin embargo, se observaron puntuaciones más bajas de IROS12 en sujetos con zonas cocleares muertas. Conclusiones: La percepción de dificultades auditivas de individuos que presentan una hipoacusia sensorioneural bilateral simétrica moderada, con presencia de zonas cocleares muertas, no difiere significativamente de aquellos individuos que no presentan zonas cocleares muertas.


ABSTRACT Introduction: Cochlear dead regions are areas of the basilar membrane where the hair cells and/or auditory nerve fibers are not functional, which can alter the temporal analysis of an acoustic signal. The functional effects that could generate still are not entirely clear, and set through the use of self-perception questionnaires, provide useful information for audiological management of patients. Aim: To investigate the relationship between the presence of cochlear dead regions and the self-reported of listening difficulties of adults with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. Material and Method: Twenty adults with symmetric bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, aged 51 to 75 years were tested, without previous story of use of hearing aids. Cochlear dead regions were tested using the TEN test at 1, 2, 3 and 4 kHz. The questionnaire of twelve questions, IROS12, was applied to the participants. Results: Cochlear dead regions were present in 10 participants. No significant differences were observed between groups, however lower IROS12 scores were observed in those who had present of dead regions. Conclusion: The perception of hearing difficulties in individuals with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss with cochlear dead regions did not differ significantly from those individuals without cochlear dead regions.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Cochlea/physiopathology , Hearing Loss, Bilateral/physiopathology , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/physiopathology , Self Concept , Audiometry, Pure-Tone , Surveys and Questionnaires
4.
Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 84(3): 368-380, May-June 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-951842

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: Hearing loss is conceptualized as any impairment of the ability to hear and/or detect speech or environment sounds, regardless of cause, type, or degree. It may occur at different stages of life; during pregnancy or childbirth, in childhood, adulthood or old age. It should be noted that aging is the most common cause of sensorineural hearing loss followed by noise-induced hearing loss, and both are closely related to the formation of reactive oxygen species. Dietary antioxidant supplementation has been employed as a therapeutic strategy to prevent and/or delay the risks of major human diseases. Objective: To assess randomized clinical trials to determine the effect of antioxidant supplementation on the auditory thresholds in patients of different age groups with sensorineural hearing loss. Methods: This systematic review consisted of a search in the following databases: MEDLINE, CENTRAL, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, SciELO and ClinicalTrials.gov. Additionally, the gray literature was also searched. The search strategy included terms related to the intervention (antioxidant supplementation), primary outcome (sensorineural hearing loss), as well as terms related to randomized clinical trials to improve search sensitivity. Results: Based on 977 potentially relevant records identified through the search in the databases, ten full-text publications were retrieved for further evaluation. The increase in threshold at the 4 kHz frequency was statistically higher in the control group (1.89 [1.01-2.78], p < 0.0001) when compared to the NAC group and the ginseng group, whereas at 6 kHz, the threshold increase was higher in the control group (1.42 [−1.14-3.97], p = 0.28), but no statistically significant differences were found between groups. Conclusion: Ginseng was the antioxidant agent that showed the best effect in preventing auditory threshold worsening at the frequency of 4 kHz, but not at 6 kHz in patients with sensorineural hearing loss caused by exposure to high sound pressure levels. There was no improvement in the thresholds with vitamin E supplementation.


Resumo Introdução: A perda auditiva é conceituada como qualquer diminuição da capacidade de ouvir e/ou detectar sons da fala ou do ambiente, independentemente da causa, tipo ou grau e pode ocorrer em diversos estágios da vida, durante a gestação ou parto, na infância, vida adulta ou na terceira idade. Convém destacar que o envelhecimento é a primeira causa de perda auditiva do tipo sensorioneural e em segundo lugar a perda auditiva induzida pelo ruído, ambas estão intimamente relacionadas com a formação de espécies reativas de oxigênio. Evidências têm sido acumuladas indicando que a suplementação com antioxidantes via alimentação tornou-se estratégia terapêutica para prevenir e/ou retardar os riscos das principais doenças humanas. Objetivo: Avaliar ensaios clínicos aleatórios para determinar qual o efeito da suplementação com antioxidantes sobre o limiar auditivo na perda auditiva sensorioneural em pacientes de diversas faixas etárias. Método: A formulação desta revisão sistemática consistiu na busca dos estudos nas seguintes bases de dados: MEDLINE, CENTRAL, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, SciELO e ClinicalTrials.gov. Adicionalmente, a literatura cinzenta também foi pesquisada. A estratégia de busca incluiu termos relacionados à intervenção (suplementação de antioxidantes), o desfecho primário (perda auditiva sensorioneural), bem como termos relacionados aos ensaios clínicos randomizados para melhorar e a sensibilidade da busca. Resultados: A partir de 977 registros potencialmente relevantes identificados através da busca nas bases de dados, dez publicações em texto completo foram recuperadas para avaliação mais aprofundada. O aumento no limiar na frequência de 4 kHz foi estatisticamente maior no Grupo Controle (1,89 [1,01-2,78], p < 0,0001) quando comparados com o Grupo NAC e o Grupo Ginseng, já na frequência de 6 kHz o aumento no limiar foi maior no Grupo Controle (1,42 [-1,14-3,97], p = 0,28), porém, não foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre grupos. Conclusão: O Ginseng foi o antioxidante que evitou a piora do limiar auditivo na frequência de 4 kHz, mas não em 6 kHz, em pacientes com perda auditiva sensorioneural causada por exposição a elevados níveis de pressão sonora. Não foi observada melhora nos limiares com a suplementação com Vitamina E.


Subject(s)
Humans , Auditory Threshold/drug effects , Dietary Supplements , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/therapy , Antioxidants/administration & dosage , Auditory Threshold/physiology , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/physiopathology
5.
Clinics ; 73: e51, 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-890764

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to compare long-latency auditory evoked potentials before and after hearing aid fittings in children with sensorineural hearing loss compared with age-matched children with normal hearing. METHODS: Thirty-two subjects of both genders aged 7 to 12 years participated in this study and were divided into two groups as follows: 14 children with normal hearing were assigned to the control group (mean age 9 years and 8 months), and 18 children with mild to moderate symmetrical bilateral sensorineural hearing loss were assigned to the study group (mean age 9 years and 2 months). The children underwent tympanometry, pure tone and speech audiometry and long-latency auditory evoked potential testing with speech and tone burst stimuli. The groups were assessed at three time points. RESULTS: The study group had a lower percentage of positive responses, lower P1-N1 and P2-N2 amplitudes (speech and tone burst), and increased latencies for the P1 and P300 components following the tone burst stimuli. They also showed improvements in long-latency auditory evoked potentials (with regard to both the amplitude and presence of responses) after hearing aid use. CONCLUSIONS: Alterations in the central auditory pathways can be identified using P1-N1 and P2-N2 amplitude components, and the presence of these components increases after a short period of auditory stimulation (hearing aid use). These findings emphasize the importance of using these amplitude components to monitor the neuroplasticity of the central auditory nervous system in hearing aid users.


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Child , Evoked Potentials, Auditory/physiology , Hearing Aids , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/physiopathology , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/rehabilitation , Neuronal Plasticity/physiology , Reference Values , Audiometry, Pure-Tone , Audiometry, Speech , Auditory Pathways/physiopathology , Time Factors , Acoustic Impedance Tests , Case-Control Studies , Prospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Statistics, Nonparametric , Event-Related Potentials, P300/physiology
6.
CoDAS ; 30(4): e20170133, 2018. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-952864

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar e comparar o desempenho cognitivo-linguístico de uma criança usuária de implante coclear em relação aos seus pares ouvintes em processo de aprendizagem da leitura e da escrita. Método A amostra foi constituída por 11 crianças (na faixa etária de 7 a 10 anos de idade) ouvintes e uma usuária de implante coclear na orelha direita, matriculadas no 3º ano do ensino fundamental. O instrumento de avaliação utilizado foi o Protocolo de Avaliação das Habilidades Cognitivo-linguísticas. Os dados referentes às crianças foram transcritos e analisados utilizando-se a estatística descritiva. Resultados Os subtestes que apresentaram o maior percentual de crianças com desempenho superior foram: alfabeto em sequência (82%); leitura de pseudopalavras (82%); segmentação silábica (73%); repetição de palavras (82%); cópia de formas (72%); nomeação rápida (100%). Desses subtestes, a criança usuária de implante coclear apresentou desempenho superior em todos, exceto o de repetição de palavras, em que obteve desempenho médio. No subteste de ritmo, nenhuma criança obteve desempenho superior e a usuária de implante coclear obteve desempenho inferior. Conclusão A criança usuária de implante coclear apresentou um perfil cognitivo-linguístico bastante semelhante ao dos seus pares ouvintes. Ao que parece, as dificuldades de realização de algumas tarefas cognitivo-linguísticas estão relacionadas a fatores que vão além da integridade auditiva, haja vista que, em alguns subtestes, crianças ouvintes, obtiveram desempenho abaixo do esperado.


ABSTRACT Purpose When children becom cochlear implant users, they have already had the opportunity to develop phonological skills; however, it is possible that they miss sound information during speech and, consequently, present difficulties in competences associated with the learning of reading and writing. Methods The study sample consisted of 11 normal hearing children aged 7-10 years and a right-ear cochlear implant user enrolled in the 3rd grade of Elementary School. The Cognitive-Linguistic Assessment protocol was used to evaluate the study participants. Data were transcribed and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results The following sub-tests presented the highest percentage of children with superior performance: alphabet in sequence (82%), reading of pseudo-words (82%), syllable segmentation (73%), word repetition (82%), copying of shapes (72%), and rapid naming (100%).The cochlear implant user presented superior performance in all the sub-tests except for word repetition, in which average performance was observed. In the rhythm sub-test, none of the normal hearing children presented superior performance, and the cochlear implant user performed poorly. Discussion It was possible to observe that the condition of being a cochlear implant user is not the only determinant for a child's school failure. There are issues that go beyond auditory integrity, because some normal hearing children performed poorly in sub-tests such as repetition of pseudo-words, rhythm, and alliteration. Conclusion The cochlear implant user presented a cognitive-linguistic profile very similar to those of his hearing peers.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Reading , Auditory Perception , Writing , Cognition/physiology , Hearing/physiology , Learning/physiology , Auditory Perception/physiology , Case-Control Studies , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/physiopathology , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/rehabilitation , Neuropsychological Tests
7.
CoDAS ; 30(6): e20180006, 2018. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-984237

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo Verificar o desempenho das habilidades de percepção musical e das habilidades auditivas temporais de resolução e ordenação pré e pós-musicoterapia em pacientes pós-linguais usuários de implante coclear. Método Participaram do estudo 11 indivíduos (média de idade: 47,64 anos) pós-linguais implantados, que foram submetidos a 10 sessões de musicoterapia, sendo uma por semana. Para a avaliação auditiva, foram utilizados o teste Montreal Battery Evaluation of Amusia e o teste de padrão de frequência (TPF). Todos os participantes passaram por um momento placebo antes da musicoterapia e foram avaliados em três momentos distintos. Resultados Foi observada melhora significativa nos subtestes das habilidades musicais de contorno e melodia após musicoterapia. Não foi observado efeito placebo e nem diferença do TPF após a musicoterapia. Conclusão A musicoterapia foi uma ferramenta útil para melhorar as habilidades auditivas musicais em indivíduos adultos pós-linguais usuários de IC.


ABSTRACT Purpose Verify the performance of musical perception and temporal auditory resolution and ordering skills in pre- and post-music therapy patients with cochlear implants (CI). Methods Study participants were 11 postlingual CI users with mean age of 47.64 years. All individuals underwent 10 weekly music therapy sessions. Auditory assessment was conducted using the Montreal Battery of Evaluation of Amusia (MBEA) and the Frequency Pattern Test (FPT). All participants were submitted to a placebo condition prior to music therapy and were evaluated at three different times. Results Significant improvement was observed in the subtests of contour and melody memory after music therapy. No placebo effect or difference in the FPT was observed after music therapy. Conclusion Music therapy is a useful tool to improve musical skills in adult postlingual users of CI.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Aged , Auditory Perception/physiology , Cochlear Implants , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/rehabilitation , Music , Music Therapy/methods , Reference Values , Time Factors , Reproducibility of Results , Treatment Outcome , Statistics, Nonparametric , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/physiopathology , Hearing Tests/methods , Middle Aged
8.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 15(3): 262-268, July-Sept. 2017. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-891396

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective To assess the static and dynamic balance performance of students with normal hearing and with sensorineural hearing loss. Methods A cross-sectional study assessing 96 students, 48 with normal hearing and 48 with sensorineural hearing loss of both sexes, aged 7 and 18 years. To evaluate static balance, Romberg, Romberg-Barré and Fournier tests were used; and for the dynamic balance, we applied the Unterberger test. Results Hearing loss students showed more changes in static and dynamic balance as compared to normal hearing, in all tests used (p<0.001). The same difference was found when subjects were grouped by sex. For females, Romberg, Romberg-Barré, Fournier and Unterberger test p values were, respectively, p=0.004, p<0.001, p<0.001 and p=0.023; for males, the p values were p=0.009, p<0.001, p<0.001 and p=0.002, respectively. The same difference was observed when students were classified by age. For 7 to 10 years old students, the p values for Romberg, Romberg-Barré and Fournier tests were, respectively, p=0.007, p<0.001 and p=0.001; for those aged 11 and 14 years, the p values for Romberg, Romberg-Barré, Fournier and Unterberger tests were p=0.002, p<0.001, p<0.001 and p=0.015, respectively; and for those aged 15 and 18 years, the p values for Romberg-Barré, Fournier and Unterberger tests were, respectively, p=0.037, p<0.001 and p=0.037. Conclusion Hearing-loss students showed more changes in static and dynamic balance comparing to normal hearing of same sex and age groups.


RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar o desempenho do equilíbrio estático e dinâmico de escolares ouvintes e com perda auditiva sensório-neural. Métodos Estudo de corte transversal que avaliou 96 escolares, sendo 48 ouvintes e 48 com perda auditiva sensório-neural, de ambos os sexos, na faixa etária entre 7 e 18 anos. Para a avaliação do equilíbrio estático, foram utilizados os testes de Romberg, Romberg-Barré e Fournier, e, para avaliar o equilíbrio dinâmico, foi usado o teste de Unterberger. Resultados Os escolares com perda auditiva apresentaram maior ocorrência de alterações no equilíbrio estático e dinâmico, comparados aos ouvintes, em todos os testes empregados (p<0,001). O mesmo foi observado quando os escolares foram agrupados pelos sexos. Para o sexo feminino, os valores de p para os testes de Romberg, Romberg-Barré, Fournier e Unterberger foram, respectivamente, p=0,004, p<0,001, p<0,001 e p=0,023; para o sexo masculino, foram p=0,009, p<0,001, p<0,001 e p=0,002. A mesma diferença foi observada quando os escolares foram estratificados pelas faixas etárias. Para aqueles de 7 a 10 anos, os valores de p foram, respectivamente, para os testes de Romberg, Romberg-Barré e Fournier p=0,007, p<0,001 e p=0,001; entre 11 e 14 anos, para os testes de Romberg, Romberg-Barré, Fournier e Unterberger, foram, respectivamente p=0,002, p<0,001, p<0,001, p=0,015; entre 15 e 18 anos, para os testes Romberg-Barré, Fournier e Unterberger foram, respectivamente, p=0,037, p<0,001 e p=0,037. Conclusão Os escolares com perda auditiva apresentaram maior ocorrência de alterações no desempenho do equilíbrio estático e dinâmico que os ouvintes, do mesmo sexo e faixa etária.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Postural Balance/physiology , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/physiopathology , Case-Control Studies , Cross-Sectional Studies
9.
CoDAS ; 29(5): e20160243, 2017. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-890793

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar o desempenho de idosos no teste de fala comprimida segundo as variáveis orelha, ordem de apresentação e idade, além de analisar a ocorrência de erros. Método O estudo é caracterizado como observacional, descritivo, quantitativo, analítico e do tipo transversal primário, o qual envolveu 22 idosos entre 60 e 80 anos de idade, portadores de audição normal ou com perda neurossensorial de grau leve. Os idosos foram submetidos à aplicação do teste de fala comprimida apenas com dissílabos e com taxa de compressão de 60%, por meio do método de compressão de tempo eletromecânico. Em cada orelha, foi aplicada uma lista de 50 dissílabos, sendo a ordem de início de teste aleatória. Resultados Quanto ao desempenho no teste, verificou-se que não houve diferença estatística entre as orelhas e os idosos apresentaram resultados aquém do encontrado na população adulta. Encontrou-se significância estatística de melhor desempenho para a segunda orelha de início de teste. A maior ocorrência de erros se deu para as palavras que iniciaram com os fonemas /p/ e /d/. A presença de encontro consonantal na palavra também aumentou a ocorrência de erros. Conclusão Os idosos apresentam pior desempenho na habilidade de fechamento auditivo, quando avaliados por meio do teste de fala comprimida, em comparação aos indivíduos adultos. Este resultado sugere que os idosos têm dificuldades para reconhecer a fala quando esta lhe é apresentada numa velocidade aumentada. Sendo assim, estratégias devem ser utilizadas para facilitar o processo comunicativo, independentemente da presença de uma perda auditiva.


ABSTRACT Purpose The present study aimed to evaluate the performance of elderly people in the time-compressed speech test according to the variables ears and order of display, and analyze the types of errors presented by the volunteers. Methods This is an observational, descriptive, quantitative, analytical and primary cross-sectional study involving 22 elderly with normal hearing or mild sensorineural hearing loss between the ages of 60 and 80. The elderly were submitted to the time-compressed speech test with compression ratio of 60%, through the electromechanical time compression method. A list of 50 disyllables was applied to each ear and the initial side was chosen at random. Results On what concerns to the performance in the test, the elderly fell short in relation to the adults and there was no statistical difference between the ears. It was found statistical evidence of better performance for the second ear in the test. The most mistaken words were the ones initiated with the phonemes /p/ and /d/. The presence of consonant combination in a word also increased the occurrence of mistakes. Conclusion The elderly have worse performance in the auditory closure ability when assessed by the time-compressed speech test compared to adults. This result suggests that elderly people have difficulty in recognizing speech when this is pronounced in faster rates. Therefore, strategies must be used to facilitate the communicative process, regardless the presence of hearing loss.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Presbycusis/physiopathology , Auditory Perception/physiology , Speech Discrimination Tests/methods , Speech Intelligibility/physiology , Speech Perception/physiology , Time Factors , Brazil , Case-Control Studies , Cross-Sectional Studies , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/physiopathology , Language , Middle Aged
10.
CoDAS ; 28(6): 687-696, nov.-dez. 2016. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-828594

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo estabelecer relações entre valores do índice de inteligibilidade de fala - SII gerados na verificação dos aparelhos de amplificação sonora programados conforme regra prescritiva DSLm[i/o]v5 e uma proposta de classificação de indivíduos que considere a associação de grau e configuração de perdas auditivas. Método foram selecionadas 41 crianças com idades entre 4 e 80 meses, totalizando 78 orelhas para análise. Foram considerados os limiares auditivos nas frequências 250, 500, 1000, 2000 e 4000 Hz e analisados valores de SII para os sinais de entrada 65 dB NPS, obtidos na verificação dos AASI no equipamento Verifit®Audioscan. Resultados as perdas auditivas foram classificadas em cinco grupos homogêneos quanto às características audiológicas (grau e configuração audiométrica) e heterogêneos entre si. A partir dos grupos, determinaram-se três intervalos de valores de SII. Foram determinadas equações para classificação da perda auditiva conforme grupos e equações para determinação de valores de SII ajustado. Conclusão o valor de SII pode ser considerado um indicador da audibilidade para sons de fala para diferentes características de perdas auditivas e nortear avalições de comportamento auditivo. O SII tem relação mais forte com a associação das variáveis grau e configuração audiométrica, quando comparado com sua relação com o grau da perda auditiva isoladamente.


ABSTRACT Purpose To establish the relationship between speech intelligibility index (SII) values generated at the verification of hearing aids programmed according to DSLm [i/o] v5 prescription rule and a proposed individual classification that considers the combination of hearing loss degree and configuration. Methods Forty-one children aged between 4 and 80 months were selected, totaling 78 ears for analysis. We considered hearing thresholds at the frequencies of 250, 500, 1000, 2000 and 4000 Hz; and analyzed values of the Speech Intelligibility Index (SII) for the input signal of 65 dB SPL obtained during the verification of hearing aids using the equipment Verifit®Audioscan. Results Hearing losses were classified into five homogeneous groups regarding audiometric degree and configuration. The groups were heterogeneous when compared to each other. From the groups, three ranges of SII values were determined. Equations were developed for classification of hearing loss according to groups and for determination of the adjusted SII values. Conclusion The SII value is a useful indicator of audibility for speech sounds in different characteristics of hearing losses, and can guide observations of auditory skills. The SII has stronger relationship with the association of the audiometric degree and configuration when compared with degree of hearing loss alone.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Auditory Threshold/physiology , Speech Intelligibility/physiology , Hearing Aids , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/classification , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/physiopathology , Audiometry , Speech Perception , Severity of Illness Index , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/rehabilitation
11.
CoDAS ; 28(4): 338-344, jul.-ago. 2016. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-795259

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar os efeitos da perda auditiva e da cognição no reconhecimento de sentenças em idosos. Métodos Participaram do estudo 30 idosos distribuídos em dois grupos: GI- composto por 17 idosos sem perda auditiva e GII- composto por 13 idosos com perda auditiva de grau leve. Para avaliar a cognição, foi aplicado o Mini Exame do Estado Mental (MEEM) e, para analisar os efeitos auditivos, foi realizado o teste Listas de Sentenças em Português (LSP), no qual foi pesquisado o Limiar de Reconhecimento de Sentenças no Silêncio (LRSS) e a relação sinal/ruído (S/R). Resultados No MEEM, houve um percentual maior de indivíduos com alteração no GI do que no GII. Tanto no LRSS quanto na relação S/R, o GI apresentou menores limiares do que o GII em ambas as orelhas. Em relação aos aspectos cognitivos, não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre o grupo normal e alterado no MEEM com o LRSS e relação S/R dos grupos GI e GII de ambas as orelhas. Conclusão A perda auditiva de grau leve exerceu influência no reconhecimento de sentenças no silêncio e no ruído. Já os aspectos cognitivos não interferiram no reconhecimento de fala tanto no silêncio quanto no ruído.


ABSTRACT Purpose To evaluate the effects of hearing and cognitive impairment in sentence recognition in elderly people. Methods The study included 30 elderly individuals divided into two groups: GI, with 17 elderly people without hearing loss and GII, with 13 elderly people with mild hearing loss. In order to evaluate their cognition, the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) was performed, whereas, for the evaluation of the auditory effects, the Portuguese Sentence List (PSL) was performed, in which the sentence recognition thresholds in silence (SRTS) and the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) were researched. Results In MMSE, there was a higher percent of individuals with alteration for GI group when compared with GII group. In both SRTS and S/N, the GI group presented lower thresholds when compared with the GII group for both ears. Regarding the cognitive aspects, no significant statistical difference between normal and altered groups was observed in the MMSE for SRTS and S/N for GI and GII in both ears. Conclusion Mild hearing loss exerted influence on the sentence recognition in silence and in noise. On the other hand, the cognitive aspects did not interfere in speech recognition in both silence and noise.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Speech Perception , Cognitive Dysfunction/physiopathology , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/physiopathology , Case-Control Studies , Cross-Sectional Studies , Cognitive Dysfunction/diagnosis , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/diagnosis , Middle Aged
12.
Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 82(3): 334-340, tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-785818

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Hearing loss can negatively influence the communication performance of individuals, who should be evaluated with suitable material and in situations of listening close to those found in everyday life. OBJECTIVE: To analyze and compare the performance of patients with mild-to-moderate sensorineural hearing loss in speech recognition tests carried out in silence and with noise, according to the variables ear (right and left) and type of stimulus presentation. METHODS: The study included 19 right-handed individuals with mild-to-moderate symmetrical bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, submitted to the speech recognition test with words in different modalities and speech test with white noise and pictures. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between right and left ears in any of the tests. The mean number of correct responses in the speech recognition test with pictures, live voice, and recorded monosyllables was 97.1%, 85.9%, and 76.1%, respectively, whereas after the introduction of noise, the performance decreased to 72.6% accuracy. CONCLUSIONS: The best performances in the Speech Recognition Percentage Index were obtained using monosyllabic stimuli, represented by pictures presented in silence, with no significant differences between the right and left ears. After the introduction of competitive noise, there was a decrease in individuals' performance.


Resumo Introdução: A perda auditiva pode influenciar negativamente o desempenho comunicativo e estes indivíduos devem ser avaliados com material adequado e em situações de escuta próximas às observadas no cotidiano. Objetivo: Analisar e comparar o desempenho de indivíduos com perda auditiva neurossensorial de grau leve a moderado em testes de reconhecimento de fala apresentados no silêncio e no ruído segundo as variáveis orelha e tipos de apresentação do estímulo. Método: Participaram do estudo 19 indivíduos destros com perda auditiva neurossensorial bilateral simétrica de grau leve a moderado, submetidos ao teste de reconhecimento de fala com palavras em diferentes modalidades e ao teste de fala com ruído branco com figuras. Resultados: Não houve diferença significante entre as orelhas direita e esquerda para nenhum dos testes realizados. A média de acertos no teste de reconhecimento de fala com figuras, viva voz e monossílabos gravados foi 97,1%; 85,9% e 76,1%, respectivamente, e 72,6% de acertos no teste com ruído. Conclusões: O melhor desempenho no Índice Percentual de Reconhecimento de Fala foi obtido utilizando como estímulos monossílabos representados por figuras apresentados no silêncio, sem diferenças significantes entre as orelhas direita e esquerda. Com a introdução do ruído competitivo, houve descréscimo no desempenho dos indivíduos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Speech Discrimination Tests/methods , Speech Perception/physiology , Hearing Loss, Bilateral/physiopathology , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/physiopathology , Sound Localization , Acoustic Stimulation , Severity of Illness Index
13.
J. appl. oral sci ; 24(3): 264-270, tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-787541

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective To relate the performance of individuals with hearing loss at high frequencies in speech perception with the quality of life before and after the fitting of an open-fit hearing aid (HA). Methods The WHOQOL-BREF had been used before the fitting and 90 days after the use of HA. The Hearing in Noise Test (HINT) had been conducted in two phases: (1) at the time of fitting without an HA (situation A) and with an HA (situation B); (2) with an HA 90 days after fitting (situation C). Study Sample Thirty subjects with sensorineural hearing loss at high frequencies. Results By using an analysis of variance and the Tukey’s test comparing the three HINT situations in quiet and noisy environments, an improvement has been observed after the HA fitting. The results of the WHOQOL-BREF have showed an improvement in the quality of life after the HA fitting (paired t-test). The relationship between speech perception and quality of life before the HA fitting indicated a significant relationship between speech recognition in noisy environments and in the domain of social relations after the HA fitting (Pearson’s correlation coefficient). Conclusions The auditory stimulation has improved speech perception and the quality of life of individuals.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Quality of Life , Speech Perception/physiology , Prosthesis Fitting/methods , Hearing Aids , Hearing Loss, High-Frequency/physiopathology , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/physiopathology , Reference Values , Auditory Threshold , Time Factors , Acoustic Stimulation , Prospective Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Analysis of Variance , Environment , Hearing Loss, High-Frequency/rehabilitation , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/rehabilitation , Hearing Tests , Noise
14.
Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 82(2): 144-150, Mar.-Apr. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-780970

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Hyperbilirubinemia is a common health problem in newborns. Its effects can be different according to the level and duration of the hyperbilirubinemia. The toxic effect of bilirubin on the auditory system can be seen as a sensory neural hearing loss or auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD). OBJECTIVE: The purpose of our study was to determine the effects of toxic bilirubin level on the auditory system by using Auditory Brainstem Response audiometry. METHODS: Rats are used as animal models due to their low cost and easy attainability. Auditory Brainstem Response was used for auditory assessment. In this study, three groups were established: experimental, control and placebo groups. RESULTS: In the experimental group, which consists of rats with hyperbilirubinemia, sensory neural hearing loss was found bilaterally in 4 rats (66.67%) and unilaterally in 2 rats (16.67%) and auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder was found unilaterally in 1 rat (8.33%). Auditory Brainstem Response thresholds were significantly elevated compared to control and placebo groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Hyperbilirubinemia of newborn rats may result both in sensory neural hearing loss and auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder.


RESUMO INTRODUÇÃO: A hiperbilirrubinemia é um problema de saúde comum em neonatos. Seus efeitos podem variar, dependendo do nível e da duração da hiperbilirrubinemia. O efeito tóxico da bilirrubina no sistema auditivo pode ser observado na forma de deficiência auditiva sensorioneural ou de distúrbio do espectro da neuropatia auditiva. OBJETIVO: A finalidade de nosso estudo foi determinar os efeitos de nível tóxico de bilirrubina no sistema auditivo, com o uso da audiometria da resposta auditiva evocada de tronco cerebral. MÉTODO: Os ratos são empregados como modelos animais graças a seu baixo custo e fácil obtenção. Utilizamos a resposta auditiva evocada de tronco cerebral para avaliação da audição. No estudo, foram estabelecidos três grupos: experimental, controle e placebo. RESULTADOS: No grupo experimental, constituído de ratos com hiperbilirrubinemia, disacusia auditiva neurosensorial foi diagnosticada bilateralmente em quatro ratos (66,67%), e unilateralmente em dois (16,67%); e distúrbio do espectro da neuropatia auditiva foi observado unilateralmente em um rato (8,33%). Os limiares da resposta evocada de tronco cerebral estavam significantemente elevados, em comparação com os grupos controle e placebo (p < 0,05). CONCLUSÃO: A hiperbilirrubinemia de ratos neonatos pode resultar tanto em disacusia auditiva neurosensorial como em distúrbio do espectro da neuropatia auditiva.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem/physiology , Evoked Potentials, Auditory/physiology , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/physiopathology , Hyperbilirubinemia, Neonatal/physiopathology , Animals, Newborn , Audiometry , Disease Models, Animal , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/etiology , Hyperbilirubinemia, Neonatal/complications , Rats, Wistar
15.
Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 81(6): 636-641, Nov.-Dec. 2015. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-770199

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Several theories attempt to explain the pathophysiology of sudden hearing loss. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to investigate the possible role of inflammation and atherothrombosis in sudden hearing loss patients through the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and mean platelet volume. METHODS: Study design - retrospective cross-sectional historical cohort. This study was conducted on two groups: one with 59 individuals diagnosed with sudden hearing loss, and other with 59 healthy individuals with the same characteristics of gender and age distribution, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and mean platelet volume levels were measured in patients diagnosed with sudden hearing loss as well as in the control group, and it was verified whether these results interfered for a better or worse prognosis with treatment of sudden deafness. RESULTS: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio levels are much higher in patients diagnosed with sudden hearing loss compared to the control group. Similarly, mean levels of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio are higher in non-recovered versus recovered patients (p = 0.001). However, we could not find a correlation with mean platelet volume levels (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio is a quick and reliable indicator regarding diagnosis and prognosis of sudden hearing loss; on the other hand, mean platelet volume may be considered a less important indicator in this aspect.


RESUMO INTRODUÇÃO: Várias teorias tentam explicar a fisiopatologia da surdez súbita (SS). OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o possível papel da inflamação e da aterotrombose nos pacientes de SS através da relação neutrófilos/linfócitos (RNL) e volume plaquetário médio (VPM). MÉTODO: Forma de estudo - coorte histórica com corte transversal (retrospectivo). Este estudo foi realizado com 59 indivíduos portadores de SS e 59 saudáveis, com as mesmas características em distribuição de gênero e idade. Os níveis de VPM e RNL foram medidos nos pacientes diagnosticados com SS e no grupo controle, verificando-se se tais resultados implicavam em um melhor ou pior prognóstico com o tratamento da surdez súbita. RESULTADOS: Os níveis da RNL são muito mais altos em pacientes com SS, em comparação com o grupo controle. De forma semelhante, níveis médios da RNL são mais altos nos pacientes não recuperados, em comparação com os recuperados (p = 0,001). Essas diferenças entretanto, não foram observadas em relação aos níveis de VPM (p > 0,05). CONCLUSÃO: RNL é um indicador rápido e confiável no que diz respeito ao diagnóstico e prognóstico de SS; por outro lado, VPM pode ser um indicador menos importante neste aspecto.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Hearing Loss, Sudden/blood , Lymphocytes , Neutrophils , Biomarkers , Case-Control Studies , Cross-Sectional Studies , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/physiopathology , Lymphocyte Count , Prognosis , Retrospective Studies
16.
Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 81(4): 431-438, July-Aug. 2015. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-758007

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Children with sensorineural hearing loss can present with instabilities in postural control, possibly as a consequence of hypoactivity of their vestibular system due to internal ear injury.OBJECTIVE: To assess postural control stability in students with normal hearing (i.e., listeners) and with sensorineural hearing loss, and to compare data between groups, considering gender and age.METHODS: This cross-sectional study evaluated the postural control of 96 students, 48 listeners and 48 with sensorineural hearing loss, aged between 7 and 18 years, of both genders, through the Balance Error Scoring Systems scale. This tool assesses postural control in two sensory conditions: stable surface and unstable surface. For statistical data analysis between groups, the Wilcoxon test for paired samples was used.RESULTS: Students with hearing loss showed more instability in postural control than those with normal hearing, with significant differences between groups (stable surface, unstable surface) (p < 0.001).CONCLUSIONS: Students with sensorineural hearing loss showed greater instability in the postural control compared to normal hearing students of the same gender and age.


INTRODUÇÃO: Crianças com perda auditiva sensorioneural podem apresentar instabilidades posturais, possivelmente provocadas pelo acometimento do sistema vestibular em virtude da lesão na orelha interna.OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a estabilidade do controle postural em escolares ouvintes e com perda auditiva sensorioneural e comparar os dados entre os grupos, considerando os gêneros e as faixas etárias.MÉTODO: Estudo de corte transversal, que avaliou 96 escolares de ambos os gêneros na faixa etária entre 7-18 anos, sendo 48 ouvintes e 48 com perda auditiva sensorioneural. A avaliação do controle postural foi realizada por meio da Escala de BESS (Balance Error Scoring System) que avalia o controle postural em duas condições sensoriais: superfície estável (SE) e superfície instável (SI). Para a análise estatística dos dados entre os grupos, foi utilizado o teste de Wilcoxon de comparação de médias para amostras pareadas.RESULTADOS: Os escolares com perda auditiva demonstraram maior instabilidade no controle postural que os ouvintes, apontando diferenças significativas entre os grupos na SE e SI (P < 0,001).CONCLUSÃO: Os escolares com perda auditiva sensorioneural demonstraram maior instabilidade no controle postural, em comparação com os escolares ouvintes do mesmo gênero e faixa etária.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/physiopathology , Postural Balance/physiology , Sensation Disorders/physiopathology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Severity of Illness Index
17.
Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 81(2): 126-132, Mar-Apr/2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-745807

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Behavioral and electrophysiological auditory evaluations contribute to the understanding of the auditory system and of the process of intervention. OBJECTIVE: To study P300 in subjects with severe or profound sensorineural hearing loss. METHODS: This was a descriptive cross-sectional prospective study. It included 29 individuals of both genders with severe or profound sensorineural hearing loss without other type of disorders, aged 11 to 42 years; all were assessed by behavioral audiological evaluation and auditory evoked potentials. RESULTS: A recording of the P3 wave was obtained in 17 individuals, with a mean latency of 326.97 ms and mean amplitude of 3.76 V. There were significant differences in latency in relation to age and in amplitude according to degree of hearing loss. There was a statistically significant association of the P300 results with the degrees of hearing loss (p = 0.04), with the predominant auditory communication channels (p < 0.0001), and with time of hearing loss. CONCLUSIONS: P300 can be recorded in individuals with severe and profound congenital sensorineural hearing loss; it may contribute to the understanding of cortical development and is a good predictor of the early intervention outcome. .


INTRODUÇÃO: As avaliações comportamentais e eletrofisiológicas auditivas contribuem para o entendimento do sistema auditivo e do processo de intervenção. OBJETIVO: Estudar P300 em indivíduos com perda auditiva sensorioneural severa ou profunda. MÉTODO: Estudo prospectivo transversal descritivo. Participaram 29 indivíduos, de ambos os sexos, com idade entre 18 e 45 anos com perda auditiva sensorioneural, congênita severa ou profunda e sem comorbidades, avaliados por meio de avaliação audiológica comportamental e potencial evocado auditivo de longa latência. RESULTADOS: O registro da onda P3 foi obtido em 17 indivíduos, com latência e amplitude média de 326,97 ms e 3,76V, respectivamente. Houve diferenças significativas da medida de latência em relação à idade e da amplitude segundo o grau da perda auditiva. Evidenciou-se associação do resultado do P300 aos graus de perda auditiva (p = 0,04) e ao canal de comunicação auditiva predominante (p = 0,0001) e ao tempo de privação auditiva (teste exato de Fisher). CONCLUSÕES: P300 pode ser registrado em indivíduos com perda auditiva sensorioneural congênita e colaborar para a compreensão do desenvolvimento cortical auditivo e ser preditor do resultado da intervenção. .


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Event-Related Potentials, P300/physiology , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/physiopathology , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Electrophysiology , Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/congenital , Severity of Illness Index , Speech Reception Threshold Test
18.
Bauru; s.n; 2015. 115 p. ilus, tab, graf.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-867259

ABSTRACT

A avaliação da integridade do sistema tímpano-ossicular é um pré-requisito para que o processo de diagnóstico audiológico infantil possa ser concluído com precisão, assim, muito têm se discutido em relação aos procedimentos utilizados na prática clínica para definir a presença ou ausência de problema condutivo. Nesse sentido, as medidas de imitância acústica de banda larga mostram-se como uma opção para o avanço na área. Diante disso, surgiu o interesse em ampliar os conhecimentos e trazer as características das medidas de imitância acústica de banda larga nas diferentes condições de orelha média. O objetivo do estudo foi caracterizar as medidas de imitância acústica de banda larga com os estímulos tom puro e chirp em crianças com perda auditiva sensorial de grau severo e profundo e diferentes padrões timpanométricos. Foram avaliadas 187 orelhas de 98 crianças na faixa etária de seis a 60 meses de idade, subdivididas em grupos de acordo com a pressão e compliância obtidas na timpanometria com sonda de 226 Hz. As medidas de imitância acústica de banda larga foram realizadas por meio do sistema de medidas do Acoustics' Middle-Ear Power Analyzer - MEPA, versão 5.0, utilizando os estímulos tom puro e chirp, com faixa de frequência de 211 a 6000 Hz. Os valores de compliância e pressão obtidos na timpanometria convencional foram correlacionados às medidas de imitância acústica de banda larga, adotando-se testes estatísticos apropriados, com nível de significância de 0,05. Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram o efeito das faixas de frequência (grave, média e aguda) em todas as medidas analisadas, com exceção do delay da reflectância. Foi constatada influência de pressões correspondentes a -100 daPa ou mais negativas e também para pressões positivas acima de 25 daPa, e compliâncias menores que 0,2 ml nas medidas de imitância acústica de banda larga. Além disso, houve diferença significante entre os estímulos tom puro e chirp para frequências baixas...


The evaluation of the integrity of the tympanic-ossicular system is a prerequisite for the child audiology diagnostic process to be completed accurately, thus, much has been discussed in relation to the procedures used in clinical practice to define the presence or absence of conductive problems. Hence, the wideband acoustic immittance measurements show to be an option to the advance in the field. As a result, the interest in expanding the knowledge and bringing the characteristics of wideband acoustic immittance measurements in the different conditions of middle ear, emerged. This study aimed at characterizing the wideband acoustic immittance measurements using pure and chirp stimuli in children presented with severe and profound sensorineural hearing loss and different tympanometric standards. 187 ears of 98 children in the age range six-sixty months, subdivided into groups according to pressure and compliance achieved through tympanometry with a 226 Hz probe, were assessed. Wideband acoustic immittance measurements were performed by the measuring system of the Acoustics' Middle-Ear Power Analyzer - MEPA, version 5.0, using pure and chirp tone stimuli, in a frequency ranging from 211 to 6000 Hz. The values of compliance and pressure obtained through conventional tympanometry were correlated with wideband acoustic immittance measures, by applying suitable statistical tests, with a 0.05 significance level. The results achieved evidenced the effect of frequency bands (low, medium and high) in all measures examined, with the exception of the reflectance delay. The Influence of pressures -100 daPa or more negative ones and also in positive pressures above 25 Pa, and compliance lower than 0.2 ml in the wideband acoustic immittance measurements, was verified. In addition, there was a significant difference between pure tone and chirp stimuli at low frequencies for impedance absorbance and magnitude, with a greater reflex of the variation of compliance...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Acoustic Stimulation/methods , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/physiopathology , Acoustic Impedance Tests/methods , Analysis of Variance , Audiometry, Pure-Tone/methods , Reference Values , Severity of Illness Index
19.
Bauru; s.n; 2015. 115 p. ilus, tab, graf.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-756764

ABSTRACT

A avaliação da integridade do sistema tímpano-ossicular é um pré-requisito para que o processo de diagnóstico audiológico infantil possa ser concluído com precisão, assim, muito têm se discutido em relação aos procedimentos utilizados na prática clínica para definir a presença ou ausência de problema condutivo. Nesse sentido, as medidas de imitância acústica de banda larga mostram-se como uma opção para o avanço na área. Diante disso, surgiu o interesse em ampliar os conhecimentos e trazer as características das medidas de imitância acústica de banda larga nas diferentes condições de orelha média. O objetivo do estudo foi caracterizar as medidas de imitância acústica de banda larga com os estímulos tom puro e chirp em crianças com perda auditiva sensorial de grau severo e profundo e diferentes padrões timpanométricos. Foram avaliadas 187 orelhas de 98 crianças na faixa etária de seis a 60 meses de idade, subdivididas em grupos de acordo com a pressão e compliância obtidas na timpanometria com sonda de 226 Hz. As medidas de imitância acústica de banda larga foram realizadas por meio do sistema de medidas do Acoustics' Middle-Ear Power Analyzer - MEPA, versão 5.0, utilizando os estímulos tom puro e chirp, com faixa de frequência de 211 a 6000 Hz. Os valores de compliância e pressão obtidos na timpanometria convencional foram correlacionados às medidas de imitância acústica de banda larga, adotando-se testes estatísticos apropriados, com nível de significância de 0,05. Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram o efeito das faixas de frequência (grave, média e aguda) em todas as medidas analisadas, com exceção do delay da reflectância. Foi constatada influência de pressões correspondentes a -100 daPa ou mais negativas e também para pressões positivas acima de 25 daPa, e compliâncias menores que 0,2 ml nas medidas de imitância acústica de banda larga. Além disso, houve diferença significante entre os estímulos tom puro e chirp para frequências baixas...


The evaluation of the integrity of the tympanic-ossicular system is a prerequisite for the child audiology diagnostic process to be completed accurately, thus, much has been discussed in relation to the procedures used in clinical practice to define the presence or absence of conductive problems. Hence, the wideband acoustic immittance measurements show to be an option to the advance in the field. As a result, the interest in expanding the knowledge and bringing the characteristics of wideband acoustic immittance measurements in the different conditions of middle ear, emerged. This study aimed at characterizing the wideband acoustic immittance measurements using pure and chirp stimuli in children presented with severe and profound sensorineural hearing loss and different tympanometric standards. 187 ears of 98 children in the age range six-sixty months, subdivided into groups according to pressure and compliance achieved through tympanometry with a 226 Hz probe, were assessed. Wideband acoustic immittance measurements were performed by the measuring system of the Acoustics' Middle-Ear Power Analyzer - MEPA, version 5.0, using pure and chirp tone stimuli, in a frequency ranging from 211 to 6000 Hz. The values of compliance and pressure obtained through conventional tympanometry were correlated with wideband acoustic immittance measures, by applying suitable statistical tests, with a 0.05 significance level. The results achieved evidenced the effect of frequency bands (low, medium and high) in all measures examined, with the exception of the reflectance delay. The Influence of pressures -100 daPa or more negative ones and also in positive pressures above 25 Pa, and compliance lower than 0.2 ml in the wideband acoustic immittance measurements, was verified. In addition, there was a significant difference between pure tone and chirp stimuli at low frequencies for impedance absorbance and magnitude, with a greater reflex of the variation of compliance...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Acoustic Stimulation/methods , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/physiopathology , Acoustic Impedance Tests/methods , Analysis of Variance , Audiometry, Pure-Tone/methods , Reference Values , Severity of Illness Index
20.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 12(4): 433-439, Oct-Dec/2014. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-732458

ABSTRACT

Objective To outline the audiological findings of aphasic patients after cerebrovascular accidents. Methods This is a cross-sectional study performed between March 2011 and August 2012 in the Speech, Language, and Hearing Pathology Department of the Universidade Federal de São Paulo. A total of 43 aphasic subjects (27 men) were referred for audiological evaluation after stroke, with mean age of 54.48 years. Basic audiological evaluation tests were performed, including pure tone audiometry, speech audiometry (speech recognition threshold and word recognition score), immittance measures (tympanometry and contralateral acoustic reflex), and transient otoacoustic emissions. Results Sensorineural hearing loss was prevalent (78.6%). Speech recognition threshold and word recognition score were not obtained in some patients because they were unable to perform the task. Hearing loss was a common finding in this population. Conclusion Comprehension and/or oral emission disruptions in aphasic patients after stroke compromised conventional speech audiometry, resulting in the need for changes in the evaluation procedures for these patients. .


Objetivo Avaliar os achados audiológicos em pacientes afásicos após acidente vascular encefálico. Métodos Trata-se de um estudo transversal, realizado entre março de 2011 e agosto de 2012 no Departamento de Fonoaudiologia da Universidade Federal de São Paulo. Participaram do estudo 43 pacientes afásicos (27 homens) após acidente vascular encefálico, com média de idade de 54,48 anos. Foram realizados testes que compõem a bateria da avaliação audiológica básica: audiometria tonal liminar, logoaudiometria (limiar de reconhecimento de fala e índice percentual de reconhecimento de fala), medidas de imitância acústica (timpanometria e pesquisa do reflexo acústico contralateral) e emissões otoacústicas transitórias. Resultados A perda auditiva neurossensorial foi prevalente (78,6%). Não foi possível obter o limiar de reconhecimento de fala e o índice percentual de reconhecimento de fala em todos os pacientes, pois alguns eram incapazes de realizar a tarefa. A perda auditiva foi um achado comum nessa população. Conclusão As alterações de compreensão e/ou emissão oral apresentadas por estes pacientes afetaram a logoaudiometria convencional e apontam para a necessidade de uso de outros procedimentos de avaliação nessa população. .


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Aphasia/etiology , Hearing Loss/etiology , Stroke/complications , Aphasia/physiopathology , Auditory Threshold/physiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Hearing Tests , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/etiology , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/physiopathology , Hearing Loss/physiopathology , Reference Values , Reflex, Acoustic/physiology , Statistics, Nonparametric , Stroke/physiopathology
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